Encore
Ask the evidenceThe ArchiveAbout Encore
Sign in
Encore by Whitelabel, with Culture NextCities in the network: sign in for your workspace

The ECoC evidence base

The Archive

Forty years of European Capitals of Culture in their own words: what cities promised, what they did, and what the evaluations found.

documents
411

documents

cities
178

cities

evaluations
50

evaluations

bid books
180

bid books

1985–2030

title years covered

All shelvesEvaluations 50Monitoring and progress reports 1Bid books 180Panel reports 86Strategies and action plans 5Research, guides and frameworks 35Sent in by members 54Published by cities 11
TypeBid book (pre-selection) 87Bid book (final selection) 95Selection panel report 68Monitoring panel report 18Ex-post evaluation 51Monitoring or progress report 1Strategy 9Action plan

124 documents of type bid book (pre-selection) or guide or toolkit or research

Clear

Bourges 2028 — Pre-selection

Bourges · 2028

Rouen 2028 — Pre-selection

Rouen · 2028

Broumov 2028 — Pre-selection

Broumov · 2028

2
Guide or toolkit 2
Research 35
Other 54
Any type
What the document types mean
Bid book (pre-selection)
A city's first application for the title, judged by the selection panel to make the shortlist.
Evidence of intent: what a city promised, not what it delivered.
Bid book (final selection)
A shortlisted city's full, final application for the title, with its programme, budget and plans.
Evidence of intent: what a city promised, not what it delivered.
Selection panel report
The EU expert panel's assessment of the bids in one competition, with its reasons and its recommendation.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Monitoring panel report
The EU expert panel's report on a designated city's preparations before its title year, with its advice.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Ex-post evaluation
An assessment, written after the title year or a programme, of what it actually achieved, usually by independent evaluators.
Evidence of outcome: what actually happened.
Monitoring or progress report
A city's own report on how its programme is going, written while it runs, with the figures it has tracked.
Evidence of outcome: what actually happened.
Strategy
A city's long-term plan or policy for culture, including legacy strategies and council decisions.
A plan: how a city meant to deliver and keep going.
Action plan
A concrete plan of what a city or organisation will do, by when and with what resources.
A plan: how a city meant to deliver and keep going.
Guide or toolkit
Practical how-to material that others can reuse: guides, toolkits, handbooks and templates.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Research
Studies, frameworks and papers across one or more cities, written by researchers rather than by a city.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.
Other
Anything else: news, memos, programme brochures and documents that fit no type above.
Context: useful background, not a city's own evidence of what happened.

Évora 2027 — Pre-selection

Évora · 2027

Trnava 2026 — Pre-selection

Trnava · 2026

Tampere 2026 — Pre-selection

Tampere · 2026

Martin 2026 — Pre-selection

Martin · 2026

Žilina 2026 — Pre-selection

Žilina · 2026

Savonlinna 2026 — Pre-selection

Savonlinna · 2026

Banská Bystrica 2026 — Pre-selection

Banská Bystrica · 2026

Nitra 2026 — Pre-selection

Nitra · 2026

Hlohovec 2026 — Pre-selection

Hlohovec · 2026

Zittau 2025 — Pre-selection

Zittau · 2025

Ptuj 2025 — Pre-selection

Ptuj · 2025

Nürnberg 2025 — Pre-selection

Nürnberg · 2025

Ljubljana 2025 — Pre-selection

Ljubljana · 2025

Lendava 2025 — Pre-selection

Lendava · 2025

Hildesheim 2025 — Pre-selection

Hildesheim · 2025

Hannover 2025 — Pre-selection

Hannover · 2025

Gera 2025 — Pre-selection

Gera · 2025

Dresden 2025 — Pre-selection

Dresden · 2025

Kranj 2025 — Pre-selection

Kranj · 2025

Magdeburg 2025 — Pre-selection

Magdeburg · 2025

Piran 2025 — Pre-selection

Piran · 2025

Programme Book of the Cultural Programme (2024, Bilingual) (Bad Ischl 2024)

2024

Legacy Magazine „Aufbruch, / Shine On, Salzkammergut“ (Bad Ischl 2024)

2024

Bodø 2024 — Pre-selection

Bodø · 2024

Srebrenica 2024 — Pre-selection

Srebrenica · 2024

St. Pölten 2024 — Pre-selection

St. Pölten · 2024

Narva 2024 — Pre-selection

Narva · 2024

Banja Luka 2024 — Pre-selection

Banja Luka · 2024

Kuressaare 2024 — Pre-selection

Kuressaare · 2024

Tirana 2024 — Pre-selection

Tirana · 2024

Leeds 2023 — Pre-selection

Leeds · 2023

Plungé 2022 — Pre-selection

Plungé · 2022

Klaipėda 2022 — Pre-selection

Klaipėda · 2022

Jonava 2022 — Pre-selection

Jonava · 2022

Rokiškis 2022 — Pre-selection

Rokiškis · 2022

Salamis (Salamina) 2021 — Pre-selection

Salamis (Salamina) · 2021

Piraeus 2021 — Pre-selection

Piraeus · 2021

Messolonghi 2021 — Pre-selection

Messolonghi · 2021

Larissa 2021 — Pre-selection

Larissa · 2021

Corfu 2021 — Pre-selection

Corfu · 2021

Delphi 2021 — Pre-selection

Delphi · 2021

Volos 2021 — Pre-selection

Volos · 2021

Tripolis 2021 — Pre-selection

Tripolis · 2021

Lesvos (Mytilini) 2021 — Pre-selection

Lesvos (Mytilini) · 2021

Ioannina 2021 — Pre-selection

Ioannina · 2021

Herceg Novi 2021 — Pre-selection

Herceg Novi · 2021

Samos 2021 — Pre-selection

Samos · 2021

Varaždin 2020 — Pre-selection

Varaždin · 2020

Zagreb 2020 — Pre-selection

Zagreb · 2020

Split 2020 — Pre-selection

Split · 2020

Pula 2020 — Pre-selection

Pula · 2020

Limerick 2020 — Pre-selection

Limerick · 2020

Osijek 2020 — Pre-selection

Osijek · 2020

Dublin 2020 — Pre-selection

Dublin · 2020

Zadar 2020 — Pre-selection

Zadar · 2020

Three Sisters 2020 — Pre-selection

Three Sisters · 2020

Cagliari events 2014–2019 (Cagliari 2019 candidacy)

2019

Venezia & Nordest 2019 — Pre-selection

Venezia & Nordest · 2019

Sofia 2019 — Pre-selection

Sofia · 2019

Siena 2019 — Pre-selection

Siena · 2019

Shumen 2019 — Pre-selection

Shumen · 2019

Ruse 2019 — Pre-selection

Ruse · 2019

Ravenna 2019 — Pre-selection

Ravenna · 2019

Perugia 2019 — Pre-selection

Perugia · 2019

Lecce 2019 — Pre-selection

Lecce · 2019

Bergamo 2019 — Pre-selection

Bergamo · 2019

Mantova 2019 — Pre-selection

Mantova · 2019

Burgas 2019 — Pre-selection

Burgas · 2019

Varna 2019 — Pre-selection

Varna · 2019

Palermo 2019 — Pre-selection

Palermo · 2019

Caserta 2019 — Pre-selection

Caserta · 2019

Reggio Calabria 2019 — Pre-selection

Reggio Calabria · 2019

Urbino 2019 — Pre-selection

Urbino · 2019

Veliko Tarnovo 2019 — Pre-selection

Veliko Tarnovo · 2019

Cagliari 2019 — Pre-selection

Cagliari · 2019

L'Aquila 2019 — Pre-selection

L'Aquila · 2019

Aosta 2019 — Pre-selection

Aosta · 2019

Siracusa & South-East 2019 — Pre-selection

Siracusa & South-East · 2019

Pisa 2019 — Pre-selection

Pisa · 2019

Gabrovo 2019 — Pre-selection

Gabrovo · 2019

Grosseto-Maremma 2019 — Pre-selection

Grosseto-Maremma · 2019

Cilento 2019 — Pre-selection

Cilento · 2019

Erice 2019 — Pre-selection

Erice · 2019

Leeuwarden 2018 — regional development

2018

Utrecht 2018 — Pre-selection

Utrecht · 2018

The Hague 2018 — Pre-selection

The Hague · 2018

Eindhoven 2018 — Pre-selection

Eindhoven · 2018

Córdoba 2016 — Pre-selection

Córdoba · 2016

Wrocław 2016 — Archipelagos of Culture

Wrocław · 2016

Umea and Lund Selection Comparison (Umeå 2014)

2014

Istanbul 2010

Istanbul · 2010

Vilnius 2009 — anthropological report

2009

Governing ECoCs (Sibiu 2007)

2007

City marketing (Sibiu 2007)

2007

Urban branding (Patras 2006)

2006

An analysis of the cultural sector in the aftermath of Cork 2005

2005

Urban anxieties and creative tensions in the European Capital of Culture 2005 (Cork)

2005

Un événement d'une ampleur exceptionnelle (Lille 2004)

2004

Lille 2004 and the role of culture in the regeneration of Lille métropole

2004

Comparing the Genoa 2004 and Lille 2004 cases (Sacco)

2004

European Capitals/Cities of Culture 1995–2004 — city reports (Palmer, part 2)

2004

european cities and capitals of culture study for the european union palmer augus 2004 part II english

Cross-city (Palmer Report Pt II) · 2004

Lasting effects of Bruges 2002

2002

A case study of Salamanca 2002

2002

The Impact of Cultural Events on City Image (Rotterdam 2001)

2001

Promoting Europe through ‘Unity in Diversity’: Avignon as European Capital of Culture in 2000

2000

Deconstructing the creative city: snapshots from Helsinki (Helsinki 2000)

2000

Dressing for success (Lisbon 1994)

1994

European Cities of Culture. Oct 1994

Cross-city (Network of Cultural Cities of Europe) · 1994

London. Contributed by London and published to everyone.

CultureNext_Culture-as-Care_AdvocacyThemeReport_December2025_FINAL.pdf

GarciaEtAl(2013)ECoCLongTermEffects-EuropeanParliament.pdf

Larnaka_Culture_SDG_Impact_Profile_v2 (1).docx (1).pdf

London. Contributed by London and published to everyone.

56021a3c-220e-49cd-a8c0-656eca9296c0-garciaetal-2010-ecocpolicygroup-europeancommission.pdf

London. Contributed by London and published to everyone.

568e846b-0dac-4f5e-b911-102e063ecaae-novisad_culture_sdg_impact_profile-1-.docx-1-.pdf

Brno. Contributed by Brno and published to everyone.

OK Analyza brnenske kulturni sceny ENG 2025_WEB.pdf

London. Contributed by London and published to everyone.

The Missing Pillar: Culture's Contribution to the UN Sustainable Development Goals

London. Contributed by London and published to everyone.

CultureNext_Culture-as-Care_AdvocacyThemeReport_June2026_FINAL.pdf

Cluj-Napoca. Contributed by Cluj-Napoca and published to everyone.

Annex: ECoC host-country order 2034–2047 (COM(2026) 455)

Cluj-Napoca. Contributed by Cluj-Napoca and published to everyone.

Proposal: renewing European Capitals of Culture 2034–2047 (COM(2026) 455)

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

Cultural_Creation_Guide_English.pdf

Cáceres. Contributed by Cáceres and published to everyone.

REPORT Cultural Creation Guide .pdf